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Checkers speech - Wikipedia. The Checkers speech or Fund speech was an address made on September 2.

Republican candidate for vice president of the United States, California Senator Richard Nixon. Watch In The Cut Online In The Cut Full Movie Online. Nixon had been accused of improprieties relating to a fund established by his backers to reimburse him for his political expenses.

With his place on the Republican ticket in doubt, he flew to Los Angeles and delivered a half- hour television address in which he defended himself, attacked his opponents, and urged the audience to contact the Republican National Committee (RNC) to tell it whether he should remain on the ticket. During the speech, he stated that regardless of what anyone said, he intended to keep one gift: a black- and- white dog who had been named Checkers by the Nixon children, thus giving the address its popular name. Nixon, as he related in his address, came from a family of modest means, and had spent much of his time after law school either in the military, campaigning for office, or serving in Congress. After his successful 1.

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Senate campaign, Nixon's backers continued to raise money to finance his political activities. These contributions went to reimburse him for travel costs, postage for political mailings which he did not have franked, and similar expenses. Such a fund was not illegal at the time, but, because Nixon had made a point of attacking government corruption, it exposed him to charges he might be giving special favors to the contributors. The press became aware of the fund in September 1. Nixon's selection as General Dwight D.

Eisenhower's running mate. Within a few days, the story grew until the controversy threatened Nixon's place on the ticket.

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In an attempt to turn the tide of public opinion, Nixon broke off a whistle- stop tour of the West Coast to fly to Los Angeles to make a television and radio broadcast to the nation; the $7. RNC. The idea for the Checkers reference came from Franklin Roosevelt's Fala speech—given eight years to the day before Nixon's address—in which Roosevelt mocked Republican claims that he had sent a destroyer to fetch his dog, Fala, when the dog was supposedly left behind in the Aleutian Islands. Nixon's speech was seen or heard by about 6. Americans, including the largest television audience to that time, and led to an outpouring of public support.

A huge majority of the millions of telegrams and phone calls received by the RNC and other political offices supported Nixon. He was retained on the ticket, which then swept to victory weeks later in November 1. The Checkers speech was an early example of a politician using television to appeal directly to the electorate, but has since sometimes been mocked or denigrated. Checkers speech has come more generally to mean any emotional speech by a politician. Background[edit]In 1.

California Congressman Richard Nixon was elected to the Senate, defeating Representative Helen Gahagan Douglas. With the six- year term secured, Nixon campaign officials discussed how to further his career. Campaign manager Murray Chotiner and campaign chairman Bernie Brennan proposed a year- round campaign for the next six years, leading up to a re- election bid in 1. Nixon's Southern California campaign treasurer Dana Smith suggested what became known as "the Fund", to be administered by himself, which would pay for Nixon's political expenses.

As Smith wrote to one potential contributor, money donated to the Fund was to be used for: Transportation and hotel expenses to cover trips to California more frequently than his mileage allowance permits. Payment of airmail and long- distance phone charges above his allowance .. Preparation of material .. Defraying expenses of his Christmas cards to the people who worked in his campaign or contributed financially .. As a senator, Nixon received an annual salary of $1. While he received an expense allowance of over $7. California was one of the most populous states), that money went to pay his staff of 1.

It also paid for the one set of round- trip airline tickets between Washington, D. C., and California that Nixon was allowed to buy for himself and his family at taxpayer expense each Congressional session. Nixon later characterized the attitude of his backers and aides as, "We want you to start campaigning right now for 1. California, and so forth." Contributors were drawn only from his early supporters, and contributions were limited to $1,0.

Nixon was not to be informed of the names of contributors; however, the fundraising letter stated that Nixon "will of course be very appreciative of your continuing interest". By October 3. 0, 1. Nixon had spent approximately $1. Los Angeles area. The senator's Christmas card expense for 1.

Despite the initial fundraising success, only $2,2. November 1. 95. 1 to July 1. Fund crisis[edit]In 1.

Republicans chose Dwight D. Eisenhower as their presidential candidate, who then selected Nixon as his running mate, while the Democrats nominated Illinois Governor.

Adlai Stevenson for president and Alabama Senator John Sparkman for vice president. The California delegation to the 1. Republican National Convention, including Nixon, had been pledged to the state's "favorite son" candidate, Governor.

Earl Warren, who hoped to gain the presidential nomination in a brokered convention. Warren failed in his attempt to gain the nomination, and his supporters alleged that Nixon had worked behind the scenes to nominate Eisenhower despite his pledge to support Warren, and accused him of political opportunism for accepting the vice presidential nomination. A disgruntled Warren supporter from Pasadena leaked the Fund story to several reporters. Nixon had campaigned for public integrity in his time in the Senate, even calling for the resignation of his own party chairman, Guy Gabrielson, when the latter was implicated in a loan scandal. By using such "indignant rhetoric", Nixon had "weakened his own position" when the Fund crisis erupted. Development of the story[edit]On September 1. Nixon was asked about the Fund by reporter Peter Edson of the Newspaper Enterprise Association after the senator completed an appearance on Meet the Press.

The candidate told Edson that the Fund was set up by his supporters to pay political expenses, explained that he had made no effort to find out the names of the donors, and referred Edson to Smith for further information. Edson, and other reporters, did contact Smith, who answered questions about the Fund. Three days later, Nixon's campaign train, the "Dick Nixon Special", left Pomona, California, on a whistle- stop campaign tour of the West Coast and Rocky Mountain states.

Menu from "Dick Nixon Special"Edson's column on the 1. Smith on the supposed safeguards in the Fund, was later called by Nixon, "fair and objective". However, Leo Katcher of the New York Post interviewed Smith and wrote a story under the headline "Secret Rich Men's Trust Fund Keeps Nixon in Style Far Beyond His Salary" and referred to the Fund donors as a "millionaires' club".

Nixon later praised Katcher's younger brother Edward, also a reporter, for his objectivity, but told him, "your brother Leo is a son of a bitch". When the Dick Nixon Special arrived in Bakersfield, California, that day, the candidate, still oblivious to the developing furor, made a speech promoting the Republican ticket, and backing local congressman Thomas H. Werdel. After the speech, Republican activist Keith Mc.

Cormac showed Nixon the Post story, which had been picked up by United Press under the headline "Nixon Scandal Fund". According to Mc. Cormac, the senator collapsed into his seat in shock, and needed the help of Murray Chotiner, who was again Nixon's campaign manager, and Congressman Patrick J. Hillings (a Nixon confidant who had succeeded him in the House of Representatives) to return to his compartment.

Democratic National Committee Chairman Stephen A. Mitchell called for Nixon's resignation from the ticket, saying that "Senator Nixon knows that [the Fund] is morally wrong.